Advanced Minimal Invasive Proctology Treatment In Mumbai

An anal fissure is a cut /tear or open sore (ulcer) that develops in the lining anal tube, near the anus. While passing hard stool it causes extreme pain, burning sensation and bleeding. Though not fatal, ignoring the condition may lead to other infections as it is an open wound.

What causes anal fissures?

Anal fissures are most commonly caused by damage to the lining of the anus or anal canal, the last part of the large intestine.

Most cases occur in people who have constipation, when a particularly hard or large poop tears the lining of the anal canal.

Other possible causes of anal fissures include:

• Persistent diarrhoea
• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
• Pregnancy and childbirth
• Occasionally, a sexually transmitted infection (STI), such as syphilis or herpes, which can infect and damage the anal canal
• Having unusually tight anal sphincter muscles, which can increase the tension in your anal canal, making it more susceptible to tearing
• In many cases, no clear cause can be identified.

Fissure symptoms

• A sharp pain when you poop, often followed by a deep burning pain that may last several hours
• Bleeding when you poop - most people notice a small amount of bright red blood either in their poo or on the toilet paper

An anal fistula is a small tunnel that develops between the end of the bowel and the skin near the anus (where poop leaves the body). An anal fistula is a canal like structure that with opening on both inside the body and outside near anus with a collection pus.

They're usually the result of an infection near the anus causing a collection of pus (abscess) in the nearby tissue. When the pus drains away, it can leave a small channel behind. Anal fistulas can cause unpleasant symptoms, such as discomfort and skin irritation, and will not usually get better on their own. Surgery is recommended in most cases.

Symptoms of an Fistula

• Skin irritation around the anus
• A constant, throbbing pain that may be worse when you sit down, move around, poo or cough
• Smelly discharge from near your anus
• Passing pus or blood when you poo
• Swelling and redness around your anus and a high temperature (fevDer) if you also have an abscess
• difficulty controlling bowel movements (bowel incontinence) in some cases

The end of the fistula might be visible as a hole in the skin near your anus, although this may be difficult for you to see yourself.

Causes of Fistulas

Most anal fistulas develop after an anal abscess. You can get one if the abscess does not heal properly after the pus has drained away.

Less common causes of anal fistulas include:

• Crohn's disease - a long-term condition in which the digestive system becomes inflamed
• Diverticulitis - infection of the small pouches that can stick out of the side of the large intestine (colon)
• Hidradenitis suppurativa - a long-term skin condition that causes abscesses and scarring
• Infection with tuberculosis (TB) or HIV
• A complication of surgery near the anus

A pilonidal sinus is a small hole or tunnel in the skin at the top of the buttocks, where they divide (the cleft). It does not always cause symptoms and only needs to be treated if it becomes infected.

Check if you have an infected pilonidal sinus

• Most people with a pilonidal sinus do not notice it unless it becomes infected and causes symptoms.
• An infection will cause pain and swelling, and a pus-filled abscess can develop.

Treatment for an infected pilonidal sinus will depend on:

• Your symptoms
• The size of the sinus
• Whether it's your first sinus or it keeps coming back

A pilonidal sinus abscess will need treatment with antibiotics. The pus inside will also probably need to be drained. There are a number of treatment options for a pilonidal sinus but it won't stop it from coming back and that's painful, bleeding, or leaking discharge. In most cases, you'll be offered painkillers, such as paracetamol and anti-inflammatories to help reduce pain and swelling. Surgery is the only treatment for pilonidal sinus. Your doctor will discuss these with you.

Causes of Pilonidal Sinus

• It's not clear what causes a pilonidal sinus.
• A skin problem, pressure or friction may cause hair between the buttocks to be pushed inwards.
• This may either be hair growing around the buttock area, or loose hair shed from the buttocks or elsewhere that gathers around the buttock cleft and enters the pilonidal sinus.
• Pilonidal sinuses are more common in men because they tend to be hairier.
• Sitting for long periods can also increase your chances of getting a pilonidal sinus.